The colour of the African bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) varies considerably. The spots on young individuals are usually more prominent (middle column). Some individuals may have lighter bands on the sides, similar to the fall armyworm. Of all the caterpillars, it is only the bollworm that displays the characteristic “sphinx stance” when disturbed (top right). Moths are pale brown and do not lay eggs in masses. Pupae are formed in earthen cells. 

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African bollworm, D.Visser, ARC-VOP, Roodeplaat